Power wrench



Patented Nov. 28, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

IVI. ROBERTS.

POWER WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED AUG.I4. 1920.

MJQ

Nl. ROBERTS.-

POWER WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. IA, Iazo.

Patented Nov. 28, 1922u of which the operator Patented Nov. j28 i922.

MARK ROBERTS, 0F CHICAGO HEIGHTS, ILLINOIS;

POWER wennen.'

Application filed August 14, 1920, Serial No. 403,451.

T 0 all whom t may concern? Be it. known that I, MARK zen of the United States, residing at Chicago Heights, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Power,

Wrenches, of which the following'is a speciiication.

This inventionrelates to wrenches and has for one object' to provide a geared wrench by means of which the torque which cany be appliedto a nut and the like by one man is greatlylincreased. It has for another object t'o provide a power wrench which can be driven by an electric motor or any other suitable power source. It has for another object to provide a visible gauge by means canat all times tell exactly the power which is being exerted upon the iut. Other objects will appear from time. to time throughout the specications and claims.

The invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically. in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

' Figure l is a plan view of the wrench complete; j

F1gure'2 is a lan View of the interior of the wrench wit one side cover removed; Figure 3 is a vertical -section -along the line. 3-3 of Figure l;

FigureA is a vertical section along line Figure l, showing the wrench in use; 4

Figure 5 is a detaily of the initial pressure device.`

Like parts are indicate by like characters throughout. f

The wrench mechanism is enclosed in a two part `casing which is made up of the parts A and A which are bolted or fastened together in any suitable manner. B is a power shaft to which the operating force is applied, whether it be by hand or mechanical-ly, as for example by a motor. This shaft is splined into the fork connection B which is attachedto the fork connection B2 splined on the wrench shaft B; thus the power shaft is connected to the wrench shaft by a universal joint. It will of course be understood thatjany other form of universal joint may be substituted for the one here shown, or it mi ht be entirely dispensed with.

lThe wrench s aft Bi is journalled in the casing AA and carries upon it the pinion C' in mesh l'with the gear wheel C which ROBERTS, a citi" ring G5.

is keyed'upon the shaft C? The shaft, C has fastened upon it the worml) in mesh with worm wheel D which is mounted upon the jack shaft D2. Also mounted on the jack shaft D2 is the gear wheel D3 in mesh with the gear E mounted upon the shaft E which is journalled in the casing AA. On one end of the shaft E is secured the working head or connection F adapted to engage and hold the nut F upon the bolt F2. G is apressure gauge mounted upon the casing AA provided with the protecting cover G;

it is connected by means of the pressure line G2 with the chamber G3 which is filled with 70 oil. Within this chamber is the plunger G4 which is secured to the end of the shaft C2 and carries on its end a leather packing When the wrench is in use, the shaft C2 75 tendsto creep forward and the plunger G4 isV forced forward into the oil lled chamber G3; thus a pressure is created, and the force is shown upon the gauge G. By means of this arrangement the operator is able to tell just what power is being applied to the nut, and is thus prevented from applying such an excessive power as would strip the bolt or cause other damages.

In order to provide an initial pressurein the gauge, the device shown in detail in Figure 5 is used. It is located in the pressure line between the gauge G andthe chamber G3 and comprises the T connection I, which is screw threaded about its upper ex-y teriorand interior surfaces. The head I' is screw threaded and located inside of the connection I. It is permanently secured to the stem I2 which has fixed to its upper end, the thumb nut I3. The parts are heldin the position shown by' the gland I4 andlleakage is revented by the packing I5.y -l l hen the wrench is first put in operationl the pressure system including the chamber G3 and the connection G2 is filled with oil. The thumb nut I3 is then operated suciently to force down the head I and to create an initial pressure which will be shown in the gauge.

Wherever in the specifications and claims the expression power shaft is used, the shaft to which power is applied is meant. Wherever the expression working shaft is used the shaft carrying the working head is i meant. l

Although I have shown an operative form of my invention still many changes both in size, shape and arrangement of parts might be made without departing from the spirit of m invention.

The shaft B has been referred to as the power shaft and the shaft B3 has been referred vto as the wrench shaft. Where power is applied by hand, the shaft B and coupling B and B2 might not be used and the power to be applied directly to the shaft B3, which might therefore be-called a power shaft. The working head F may or may not be made integral with the shaft -E on which it is mounted. Other connections may be used with the working head F, so as to make it adaptable for use with a variety of differently sized nuts, or an eXtension connection may be used and many such changes may be made to suit the work upon which the wrench is being used.

For certain purposes, as for example, where it is necessary to turn down a nut a long way before the tightening pressure need-be applied, the directly and will rotate the wrench twice as fast as the shaft B3.

When the wrench is in operation the casing is held against rotation with relation to the work. This may be done in any suitable manner.

The use and operation of this invention are as follows:

When the parts are assembled as in Figure 1, the chamber is -f`1lled with oil and an initial pressure is created as above indicated. The operating head of the wrench is then placed about a nut or some other member which it is desired to turn; the. wrench shaftf is then turned either b hand or by mechanical means and thus t rough the gearing of the wrench power is applied to the nutv and it is turned by means of the'gearing shown. One man can exert upon a lnut a tremendous pressure and can accomplish work requiring the combined efforts of a number of men. When mechanical power is used the pressure of many tons can be created. During all of the working operations the operator has before him the pressure gauge and is constantly informed as to the pressure whichis a plied to the nut and so can avoid the use o an excessive pressure, which would break the nut, strip the bolt, or otherwise damage the work in question.

I claim:

Y. 1. In a wrench a power shaft and a worked to rotate the working shaft in response to the rotation of the power shaft and a pressure gauge connected to said wrench and adapted to show the force applied through it .said gauge outside of and indey pendent from the power transmission mechshaft C2 may be turned one memberl of said gearing adapted mg shaft a connection between them adapt rench a power shaft and a working shaft a connection between them adapted to rotate the working shaft in response to the rotation of the power shaft, said connection adapted to rotate said working shaft at a different speed from that of said power shaft, and a pressure gauge connected to said wrench and adapted to show the force yapplied through it said Gauge outside of and independent from the power transmission mechanism..

3. In a wrench a power shaft and a working shafta connection between them adapted to rotate the working shaft in response to the rotation of the powershaft, said connection Iadapted to rotate said working shaft at a different speed from that of said power shaft, and to increase the torque of said working shaft, and a pressure gauge .connected to said wrench and adapted to show the force which is applied through it said gauge outside of and independent from the power transmission mechanism. p

4:. In a wrench a power shaft, ,a working shaft and gearingv connecting them and adapted to rotate the working shaft at a speed different-from that of the power shaft and to increase the torque of the working shaft and a pressure gauge adapted to show the power applied through said wrench said gauge outside of and independent from vthc power transmission mechanism.

i 5. In a wrench a power shaft, a working shaft gearing connecting them and adapted to rotate the working shaft at a speed different from that of the ower shaft and to increase the torque of t e working shaft to move laterally and a pressure gauge adapted to show the power applied through said wrench, said pressure gauge Operating responsi-ve to the la'teral movement of a part of said gearing.

-6. In a wrench a power shaft, a working shaft and gearing connecting them and adapted to rotate the working shaft'at a speed different from that of the powershaft and to increase the torque of the working shaft and a pressure gauge adaptedto show the power applied through said wrench, said working shaft at an angle to said power shaft.

7. In a wrench a power shaft, a working shaft and gearing connecting them and adapted to rotate the working shaft at a speed different from that of the power shaft and to increase the torque of the working shaft one member of said gearing adapted to move laterally and a I.pressure gauge adapted to show the power applied through said wrench said pressure gauge operating responsive to the lateral movement ,of a

- hina-tion with a train of gears for 'drivin/g Y through said wrench, said said shaft power shaft, said train of gears including a worm and worm wheel, and pressurev gauge adapted to show the power transmitted through said wrench.

9. In a geared wrench a power shaft and a working shaft said working shaft in combination with a train `of gears for driving said shaft responsive to the motion of said power shaft, said train of gears including a worm and worm wheel, and pressure gauge adapted to show the power transmitted pressure gauge operating in response to the lateral movement of said worm. i

10. A geared wrench comprising a working shaft a power shaft a pair of jack shafts one of them being driven from said power shaft, a worm on said first jack shaft driving a worm wheel upon the second jack' shaft at right angles to the first a pinion upon said second jack shaft in and a pinion upon said working shaft in mesh therewith, and a work engaging means upon one end of said working sliaft, and pressure gauge adapted to show the` power transmitted through said wrench. y

` 11. A geared wrench comprising a working shaft a power-shaft a pair of jack shafts one of them being driven from said power shaft, a worm on said first jack shaft driving a worm wheel upon the second jack shaft at right angles to the first, a pinion upon said second jack shaft in and a pinion upon said working shaft in mesh therewith, anda work engaging means upon end of said working shaft, and pressure gauge adapted to show the power transmitted through said wrench, operating responsively to the lateral movement of said first jack shaft.

12 A geared wrench including a member adapted to have a lateral movement and a .fluid prsure system including a pressure gauge, one part of said pressure system connected to said laterally moving member, said pressure gauge adapted to show the force which is applied through said wrench.

13. A power wrench includingl a member having a lateralmovement, a Huid pressure system, a fluid within and filling said system, a projection on said member and lying within a part of said fluid pressure system, adapted to respond to the lateral movement responsive tothe motion of saidA of said member to compress said fluid and a pressure gauge in said iiuid pressure `system and adapted to show the force applied through said wrench. 1

' 14. A geared wrench including a member vadapted to have lateral movement and a.

fluid pressure system including a pressure' gauge, one part of said pressure system, c onnected to said laterally moving member, and

4a pressure gaugeadapted to show the force havinga lateral movement, a fiuid pressure' system a' Huid within and filling said systema. projection onlsaid member and lying within a partof said fluid pressure system, adapted of said member to compress said fiuid and a pressure gauge in said fluid pressure system and adapted to show the force applied through 'said wrench and an auxiliary means within said pressure system adapted to create an initial pressure therein.

16. A geared wrench including a member adapted to have a lateral movement and a v Huid pressure system including a pressure gauge, one part of said pressure system connected to said laterally moving member, and a pressure gauge adapted to show the force which is applied through said member, and anl auxiliary means within said pressure system adapted to create an initial pressure thereimsaid means comprising a part adapt- .ed to be forced into the said pressure system.

17. A power wrench including a member having a lateral movement, a fluid pressure system a fluid within and filling said system a projection on said member and 'lying within'a part of said Huid pressure system adapted to respond to the lateral movement of said member to compress said fluid anda pressure gauge in said/fluid pressure system and adapted to show the force applied through said member and an auxiliary -means within said pressure system adapted to respond to the lateral movement to create an initial pressure therein, said .means comprisingl a part adapted to be forced into said pressure system.

Signed at Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, this 11th day of August, 1920.

MARK ROBERTS. 

